|
1. Current Development Status in Hubei Communications
1. 1 Hubei Highway Development Current Status
In the year 1990, the first expressway in Hubei, i.e. Wuhan-Huangshi Expressway was open to traffics, which is a breakthrough in expressway sector in Hubei, and by end of 2006, total mileage of expressways in Hubei has been reached 1747km. Only in the 5 years from 2000 to 2005, the mileage of expressways achieved is 1170km, 7 highway bridges over Yangtze River and 6 highway bridges over Han River have been constructed. Furthermore, mileage of expressways under construction is 1488km. A trunk expressway skeleton frame has been generally achieved. At present, mileage of road opening to traffics has reached 181791km in Hubei, where, class 1 roads of 1278km, class 2 roads 15560km, mileage of class 3 and 4 roads have reached 117243km, ratio of classified roads is as high as 74.7%, and the indicator of road density is 97.8km/100 km2. Almost all rural roads in Hubei are covered by asphalt pavement, and 99% villages can be accessed by roads and 50% villages can be accessed by road with asphalt pavement, 98% towns (townships) and 75% administrative villages are linked by regular buses.
1.2 Hubei Waterway Development Current Status
Hubei possesses very rich water resources, and there are large/small 1193 rivers, in which, there are 229 navigational rivers; waterway mileage is 8385km（including the trunk waterway course of Yangtze River within Hubei Province）, where, grade 1,2 and 3 waterway mileage is 1090km. Grade 4 waterway mileage is 623km, grade 5 is 1014km, grade 6 is 1828km, grade 7 is 1288km and the un-classified is 2542km. Ratio of classified waterway mileage is 65%. There are totally 51 harbors in Hubei with 2280 berths and total length of coastline of harbor is 131000m, freight handling capacity of these harbors has reached 160.00 million tons, passenger capacity 47.43 million capita/time, mechanization degree of harbor has reach some 70%. Waterway conditions are improved significantly, and advantages of waterway transportation are fully embodied.
1.3 Hubei Highway Transportation Development current status
There are 258000 vehicles in business in Hubei Province, where, number of bus （including 33600 taxis）is 65000, number of freight vehicle 193000; there are 467 passenger terminals/stations, daily passenger delivery capacity is 1.1943 million person.time; there are 50 freight terminals, annual turnover capacity of freight is 12.18 million tons. Presently, 98% town（township） and 69% administrative villages in Hubei can be accessed by regular buses. Annual highway transport of passenger is 600 million person.times, or 30.0 billion person.km, annual highway freight transport 300 million tons, or 20.0 ton.km. There are over 5900 ships/boats with 36000 passenger seats and loading capacity of 1.10 million tons. Annual passenger transport is 5.70 million person.time, or 370 million person.km, annual freight transport 62.00 million tons, or 37.7 ton.km.
Presently communications sector in Hubei has been fully opened to outside world, and a transportation framework with various levels, various channels and various business modes has been generally achieved. There are over 70000 highway transportation business operators and over 1200 waterway transportation business operators in Hubei, people involved are over 400000 persons. Transport structure makes further improvement, specifically, highway passenger transport develops towards the direction with small top grade bus and large luxurious coaches, many large luxurious coaches such as Volvo, SETRA etc. have been put into non-stop express passenger transport, and ratio of medium/top grade buses has been over 30%. Over 1300 passenger transport routes are put into operation, which links 25 domestic provinces/cities and all towns/townships in Hubei; the access rate of regular bus and coverage rate of transport network keep on growing. In freight transport sector, besides bulk transport, container transport, large freight transport (loads of over 150 tons) and special freight transport keep on growing, and odd freight transport are flourishing, which radiate to 27 domestic provinces.
1.4 Hubei Waterway Transportation Development current status
Hubei is one of the provinces in China with the most developed inland navigations, and the Yangtze River and Han River are the 2 most important inland waterways, which allow for navigation all the year. Harbors at Wuhan, Huangshi, Shashi, Yichang etc. have successively opened to outside world. The Harbor of Wuhan becomes one of the larges inland river ports at middle/lower reach of the Yangtze River, and freight sea routes between Wuhan and Hongkong, Japan and Southeast Asian countries have also be put into operation. There are 8 tourism ship companies with foreign tourism business operation rights, which possess 14 luxurious passenger liners with 2100 seats. There are 136 non-stop river-sea ships with loading capacity of 210000 tons, 41 automobile Ro/Ro ships with 1770 lots, and average tonnage of ship has reached 320 tons. Private economy grows rapidly, over 90% operators on water belong to private business, and loading tonnage of ships operated by private enterprises and individual business operators takes up 70% of totals in Hubei; All the 19 provincial key enterprises, except 1 enterprise, have conducted the privatization reform, which has promoted the further improvement of transportation structure and sound competition in transportation sector.
2. Development Plan of Hubei Communications
2.1 Background information
By the year 2010, the relation between waterway transport and social & economic development in Hubei will be improved from “generally alleviation” to “overall adaptation”, Highway transportation modernization will be achieved firstly at Wuhan and on Han River Plain; By the year 2020, the relation between waterway transport and social & economic development in Hubei will be improved from “overall adaptation” to “total adaptation”, highway and waterway transportation modernization will be generally achieved in our province, and Hubei will be one of the provinces in middle/west China with developed communications.
2.2 Road Development Plan in 11FYP
By 2010, total mileage of highway mileage network in Hubei is some 250000 km, where, expressway mileage is 3500km and class 1roads 2127km, which are generally formed by “6-longitudinal, 5-lateral and 1-loop” expressways, i.e. 6 longitudinal expressways in south-north direction, 5 transverse expressway in east-west direction and a loop expressway. Key sections among the “6-longitudinal, 5-lateral and 1-loop” trunk expressway network will be generally achieved, national trunk highways in Hubei, channel connecting western China and trunk highway for Wuhan City Group as well as exiting roads of Wuhan will be totally acieved. All prefecture level cities in Hubei will be linked by expressways. 100% national/provincial trunk road will be over class 2, and high/subordinate-high grade pavement will be achieved. Mileage of roads over class 2 will reach 24000 km. over 90% county roads will be higher than class 3 road standard, all county roads at Wuhan and on Han River Plain will be over class 3 road standard. Expressways will link Wuhan with all prefecture level cities, and roads between forest area and other counties/cities will be not less than class 2 road standard. All towns/townships can be accessed by roads with asphalt pavement, all administrative villages with sound conditions will be accessed by highways and 80% administrative villages will be accessed by road with asphalt pavement.
2.3 Waterway Development Plan in 11FYP
Inland waterway transport in Hubei will aim at the development objectives of “channelized waterway courses, standardized ship, mechanized port equipment and modernized information management”, and focus on the development of 3 trunk waterway channels, i.e. the Yangtze River, Han River and Yangtze River-Han River Canal, as well as the trunk waterway courses on Han River Plain. By 2010, the waterway framework of “3 trunk course and 1 waterway network” will be generally achieved. Wuhan navigation center will be built, specialized port construction and technical improvement such as container port etc. will be strengthened so as to improve port functions. Specialized transport system for container, petroleum and LPG/LNG, mineral ores etc. will be developed along the Yangtze River and Han River, and mileage of waterway courses over grade 4 will reach 1676km.
2.4 Terminal Development Plan in 11FYP
By the principle of “strengthening high-end and bottom-end sectors, promoting middle sector”, the Wuhan passenger and freight terminal center will be initiated, regional passenger and freight terminal center at grade 2 national highway hub cities such as Yichang, Xiangfan, Jingzhou, Huangshi etc. and at regional hub cities such as Shiyan and Enshi etc. will be completely achieved. Passenger stations for rural roads will be accelerated. The network and improvement will be achieved for all road terminals in Hubei so as to adapt to requirements of modern logistics and express passenger transport. 120 classified new passenger terminals will be built, as well as 30 freight terminals, 30 auxiliary passenger stations and 10 freight stations）, so as to achieve the new daily delivery capacity of 150000 person.time and annual freight handling capacity of 8.00 million tons.
2.5 Transportation Development Plan in 11FYP
By 2010, passenger transport on highway will reach 1.2 billion poerson.time, annual riding passes per capita will be 20, passenger business vehicles will reach 60000, or 1 bus for every 1000 capita, and vehicles for freight business will be 200000, respectively doubling that figures in the year 2000. Qualified medium/top grade coaches, specialized/professional and compartment freight vehicles as well as rural ports will be over 50%, and non-state owned economy will take up over 70% of total transport economy. Based on national trunk highways and expressways, an inter-city expressway transportation network will be achieved which takes Wuhan as the center, and cities within radius of 1000km can be accessed within 12 hours and round trip to prefecture level cities can be achieved in 24 hours; Based on national/provincial highways and county/rural roads, a regional express transport network will be built which allows for 2-hour access between prefecture level cities and counties in Hubei; based on rural road network, rural passenger network will be expanded and extended, and 90% administrative villages will be accessed by regular buses, whereas at Wuhan and on Han River Plain, this rate will reach 95%; Logistic centers at Wuhan, Yichang, Jingzhou and Xiangfan will be generally achieved, as well as logistic information network linking each prefecture/city; waterway transport network that adapts to waterway features in Hubei will be generally achieved. Passenger on express trip will fill more convenient and there will be more tourists on trip, river-sea non-stop transport, container transport, specialized bulk freight transport, specialized cargo transport, ro/ro transport will grow drastically, and transportation organization level will keep on improving.
|
